Dynamique de la Population de Sarda sarda (Bloch, 1793) du Golfe de Guinée, Côte d’Ivoire
Keywords:
Sarda sarda, Croissance, Exploitation, Mortalité, RecrutementAbstract
Les paramètres de croissance et d’exploitation de Sarda sarda ont été examinés dans le Golfe de Guinée entre janvier 2015 et décembre 2016. Les données mensuelles de fréquence de tailles de Sarda sarda ont été analysées par le logiciel FiSAT II pour l'estimation de ces paramètres afin d’évaluer l'état du stock. La longueur asymptotique était de 59,85 cm avec un taux de croissance spécifique (K) de 0,57/an. L'indice de performance de croissance était de 3,31. Le modèle de recrutement a été continu toute l'année avec deux pics de recrutement d’importance inégale : le majeur apparaît en mars tandis que le mineur est observé de juillet. Les taux de mortalité totale (Z), naturelle (M) et par pêche (F) sont de 1,13/an, de 0,99/an et de 0,14/an respectivement. Le niveau d’exploitation (E) était de 0,12/an avec une taille de première capture (37,76 cm) inférieure à celle de la première maturité. Ainsi, la pérennité du stock dans le Golfe de la Guinée est menacée.
Growth and exploitation parameters of Sarda sarda were examined in the Gulf of Guinea between January 2015 and December 2016. Monthly size frequency data of Sarda sarda were analysed by FiSAT II software for estimation of these parameters to assess stock status. The asymptotic length was 59.85 cm with a specific growth rate (K) of 0.57/year. The growth performance index was 3.31. The recruitment pattern was continuous throughout the year with two recruitment peaks of unequal importance: the major peak occurred in March and the minor peak in July. Total (Z), natural (M) and fishing (F) mortality rates were 1.13/year, 0.99/year and 0.14/year respectively. The level of exploitation (E) was 0.12/year with a size of first capture (37.76 cm) smaller than that of the first maturity. The sustainability of the stock in the Gulf of Guinea is therefore under threat.
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