Les Tanins et les Flavonoïdes dans l'Activité Anthelminthique in Vivo et in Vitro de Newbouldia Laevis et Zanthoxylum Zanthoxyloïdes sur les Vers Adultes de Haemonchus Contortus
Keywords:
Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloïdes, Newbouldia laevis, Haemonchus contortus, tanins, PVPP, PEGAbstract
Aux fins de déterminer in vitro et in vivo la part des tanins et des flavonoïdes dans l’activité anthelminthique de Newbouldia laevis et Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloïdes (Fagara zanthoxyloïdes) sur les vers adultes de H. contortus, des ovins Djallonké infestés par H. contortus ont été traités ad libitum avec des feuilles fraiches de Z. zanthoxyloïdes associées ou non à un inhibiteur de tanins, le poly éthylène glycol (PEG) sur 7 jours consécutifs. Des vers adultes de H. contortus ont été également mis en contact d’extraits de N. laevis et Z. zanthoxyloïdes en présence ou non de polyvinyle polypyrollidone (PVPP) un autre inhibiteur de tanins. In vivo, le Fagara a réduit de 20% l’excrétion fécale et l’inhibition de l’excrétion par le PEG n’est pas significative. Le nombre de vers adultes d’H. contortus a été réduitde 39%. Le traitement par les feuilles de Fagara a significativement réduit (p < 0,05) le nombre d’œuf par ver femelle d’H. contortus et cette réduction est inhibée par le PEG. In vitro, les vers adultes de H. contortus ont été très sensibles à l’effet des extraits dans les premières 24h et au-delà, où les différences d'effet avec le contrôle sont très significatives pour le N. laevis notamment la fraction cyclohexanique (p < 0,001) et significatives pour le Fagara avec la fraction acétonique (p < 0,04). Le PVPP a partiellement restauré la mobilité jusqu'à 36h pour N. laevis respectivement 25% et 40% pour les extraits acétonique et cyclohexanique. Quant au Fagara le PVPP a eu une action modeste sur l'extrait acétonique (33% de restauration en 24h) mais a mieux inhibé l’effet de l’extrait cyclohexanique (100% en 24h et 40% en 36h).
In order to determine in vitro and in vivo the involvement of tannins and flavonoids in the anthelmintic activity of Newbouldia laevis and Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloïdes (Fagara zanthoxyloïdes) on adult worms of H. contortus, Djallonke ovine infested by H. contortus have been treated ad libitum with cool leaves of Z. zanthoxyloïdes associated or no to an inhibitor of tannins, the poly ethylene glycol (PEG) on seven consecutive days. Adult worms of H. contortus have also been put in contact of extracts of N. laevis and Z. zanthoxyloïdes in presence or no of polyvinyle polypyrollidone (PVPP) another inhibitor of tannins. In vivo, the Fagara decreased by 20% the fecal excretion and the inhibition of the excretion by the PEG is not significative. The number of adult worms of H. contortus has been decreased by 39%. The treatment by the leaves of Fagara reduced meaningfully (p < 0.05) the number of .eggs by female worm of H. contortus and this reduction is inhibited by the PEG. In vitro, adult worms of H. contortus was very sensitive to the effect of the extracts in the first 24h and beyond, where the differences of effect with the control are very meaningful for the N. laevis notably the cyclohexanic fraction (p < 0.01) and meaningful for the Fagara with the acetonic fraction (p < 0.04). The PVPP partially restored the mobility until 36h for N. laevis respectively 25% and 40% for the acetonic and cyclohexanic extracts. With regard to the Fagara the PVPP had a modest action on acetonic extract (33% of restoration in 24h) but inhibited the effect of cyclohexanic extract (100% in 24h and 40% in 36h) better.
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